diff --git a/panel/src/lib/useWebSocket.ts b/panel/src/lib/useWebSocket.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..831d86d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/panel/src/lib/useWebSocket.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef, useCallback, useState } from "react";
+
+type MessageHandler = (data: any) => void;
+
+let globalWs: WebSocket | null = null;
+let globalHandlers = new Set<MessageHandler>();
+let globalConnected = false;
+let reconnectTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | null = null;
+let reconnectAttempt = 0;
+
+function getWsUrl(): string {
+    const protocol = window.location.protocol === "https:" ? "wss:" : "ws:";
+    return `${protocol}//${window.location.host}/ws`;
+}
+
+function connect(): void {
+    if (globalWs?.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN || globalWs?.readyState === WebSocket.CONNECTING) return;
+
+    const ws = new WebSocket(getWsUrl());
+
+    ws.onopen = () => {
+        globalConnected = true;
+        reconnectAttempt = 0;
+        globalHandlers.forEach(h => h({ type: "__WS_CONNECTED" }));
+    };
+
+    ws.onmessage = (event) => {
+        try {
+            const data = JSON.parse(event.data);
+            globalHandlers.forEach(h => h(data));
+        } catch {
+            // ignore parse errors
+        }
+    };
+
+    ws.onclose = () => {
+        globalConnected = false;
+        globalWs = null;
+        globalHandlers.forEach(h => h({ type: "__WS_DISCONNECTED" }));
+
+        const delay = Math.min(1000 * 2 ** reconnectAttempt, 30000);
+        reconnectAttempt++;
+        reconnectTimer = setTimeout(connect, delay);
+    };
+
+    ws.onerror = () => {
+        ws.close();
+    };
+
+    globalWs = ws;
+}
+
+function disconnect(): void {
+    if (reconnectTimer) {
+        clearTimeout(reconnectTimer);
+        reconnectTimer = null;
+    }
+    globalWs?.close();
+    globalWs = null;
+    globalConnected = false;
+}
+
+export function useWebSocket() {
+    const [connected, setConnected] = useState(globalConnected);
+    const refCount = useRef(0);
+
+    useEffect(() => {
+        refCount.current++;
+        if (refCount.current === 1 && !globalWs) {
+            connect();
+        }
+
+        const handler: MessageHandler = (data) => {
+            if (data.type === "__WS_CONNECTED") setConnected(true);
+            if (data.type === "__WS_DISCONNECTED") setConnected(false);
+        };
+        globalHandlers.add(handler);
+
+        return () => {
+            globalHandlers.delete(handler);
+            refCount.current--;
+            if (refCount.current === 0) {
+                disconnect();
+            }
+        };
+    }, []);
+
+    const send = useCallback((data: unknown) => {
+        if (globalWs?.readyState === WebSocket.OPEN) {
+            globalWs.send(JSON.stringify(data));
+        }
+    }, []);
+
+    const subscribe = useCallback((handler: MessageHandler) => {
+        globalHandlers.add(handler);
+        return () => { globalHandlers.delete(handler); };
+    }, []);
+
+    return { connected, send, subscribe };
+}