feat(games): add solo mode to room creation and AU currency betting

Solo mode is now a toggle in the chess room creation modal, available
to all users instead of admin-only. Betting lets players wager AU on
games with preset amounts, async deduction on game start, and automatic
payout/refund on game end.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

api/src/games/GameServer.ts

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import { RoomManager } from "./RoomManager";
 import { GameWsClientSchema } from "./types";
 import type { PlayerInfo } from "./types";
 import { logger } from "@shared/lib/logger";
+import { economyService } from "@shared/modules/economy/economy.service";
+import { TransactionType } from "@shared/lib/constants";
 import type { Server, ServerWebSocket } from "bun";
 
 export interface WsConnectionData {
@@ -58,6 +60,24 @@ export class GameServer {
         });
 
         this.roomManager.emitter.on("game:ended", ({ roomId, winner, reason }) => {
+            const room = this.roomManager.getRoom(roomId);
+            const betAmount = room?.betAmount ?? 0;
+
+            // Handle bet payouts asynchronously — broadcast happens after settlement
+            if (betAmount > 0) {
+                this.settleBets(roomId, winner, betAmount).then((payout) => {
+                    this.publish(`room:${roomId}`, {
+                        type: "GAME_ENDED",
+                        roomId,
+                        winner,
+                        reason,
+                        payout,
+                    });
+                    this.publishRoomListUpdate();
+                });
+                return;
+            }
+
             this.publish(`room:${roomId}`, {
                 type: "GAME_ENDED",
                 roomId,
@@ -117,7 +137,11 @@ export class GameServer {
 
         switch (msg.type) {
             case "CREATE_ROOM": {
-                const result = this.roomManager.createRoom(msg.gameType, discordId, msg.options);
+                // Solo mode forces betAmount to 0
+                const options = msg.options ? { ...msg.options } : {};
+                if (options.soloMode) options.betAmount = 0;
+
+                const result = this.roomManager.createRoom(msg.gameType, discordId, options);
                 if (!result.ok) {
                     ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "ERROR", message: result.error }));
                     return;
@@ -126,6 +150,15 @@ export class GameServer {
                 ws.data.rooms.add(result.roomId);
                 ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "ROOM_CREATED", roomId: result.roomId, gameSlug: msg.gameType }));
                 logger.info("web", `Room created: ${result.roomId} (${msg.gameType}) by ${discordId}`);
+
+                // Solo mode: auto-fill and start immediately
+                if (options.soloMode) {
+                    const fillResult = this.roomManager.fillRoom(result.roomId, discordId);
+                    if (!fillResult.ok) {
+                        ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "ERROR", message: fillResult.error }));
+                    }
+                    // fillRoom with betAmount=0 calls startGame internally
+                }
                 break;
             }
 
@@ -169,6 +202,9 @@ export class GameServer {
                 }
                 this.replacedConnections.delete(discordId);
 
+                // Build room options for the client
+                const roomOptions = room?.betAmount ? { betAmount: room.betAmount } : undefined;
+
                 // Respond with JOIN_RESULT
                 ws.send(JSON.stringify({
                     type: "JOIN_RESULT",
@@ -178,6 +214,7 @@ export class GameServer {
                     players,
                     spectators,
                     state,
+                    roomOptions,
                 }));
 
                 // Notify other room members
@@ -190,6 +227,11 @@ export class GameServer {
                 });
 
                 logger.info("web", `${discordId} joined room ${msg.roomId} as ${result.joinedAs}`);
+
+                // Handle async bet deduction when room is ready to start
+                if (result.readyToStart && room) {
+                    this.deductBetsAndStart(msg.roomId, room.betAmount, room.players, ws);
+                }
                 break;
             }
 
@@ -215,11 +257,15 @@ export class GameServer {
                     ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "ERROR", message: "Only admins can fill a room for solo testing" }));
                     return;
                 }
-                const result = this.roomManager.fillRoom(msg.roomId, discordId);
+                const fillResult = this.roomManager.fillRoom(msg.roomId, discordId);
-                if (!result.ok) {
+                if (!fillResult.ok) {
-                    ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "ERROR", message: result.error }));
+                    ws.send(JSON.stringify({ type: "ERROR", message: fillResult.error }));
                     return;
                 }
+                if (fillResult.readyToStart) {
+                    const room = this.roomManager.getRoom(msg.roomId);
+                    if (room) this.deductBetsAndStart(msg.roomId, room.betAmount, room.players, ws);
+                }
                 logger.info("web", `Admin ${discordId} filled room ${msg.roomId} for solo testing`);
                 break;
             }
@@ -241,6 +287,112 @@ export class GameServer {
         this.connections.delete(ws.data.session.discordId);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Deduct bet amounts from all players, then start the game.
+     * If any player can't afford the bet, refund already-deducted players
+     * and remove the failing player from the room.
+     */
+    private async deductBetsAndStart(
+        roomId: string,
+        betAmount: number,
+        playerIds: string[],
+        triggeringWs: ServerWebSocket<WsConnectionData>,
+    ): Promise<void> {
+        const room = this.roomManager.getRoom(roomId);
+        if (!room || room.betsPending) return;
+        room.betsPending = true;
+
+        const uniquePlayers = [...new Set(playerIds)];
+        const deducted: string[] = [];
+
+        try {
+            for (const pid of uniquePlayers) {
+                await economyService.modifyUserBalance(
+                    pid,
+                    -BigInt(betAmount),
+                    TransactionType.GAME_BET,
+                    `Chess wager (room ${roomId.slice(0, 8)})`,
+                );
+                deducted.push(pid);
+            }
+
+            // All deductions succeeded — start the game
+            const startResult = this.roomManager.startGame(roomId);
+            if (!startResult.ok) {
+                // Shouldn't happen, but refund if it does
+                await this.refundPlayers(deducted, betAmount, roomId);
+            }
+        } catch (err) {
+            // Refund anyone already deducted
+            await this.refundPlayers(deducted, betAmount, roomId);
+
+            // Find the player who couldn't afford the bet
+            const failedPlayer = uniquePlayers.find(p => !deducted.includes(p));
+            if (failedPlayer) {
+                this.roomManager.removePlayer(roomId, failedPlayer);
+                this.sendToPlayer(failedPlayer, {
+                    type: "ERROR",
+                    message: "Insufficient funds for the bet. You have been removed from the room.",
+                });
+                this.publish(`room:${roomId}`, {
+                    type: "PLAYER_LEFT",
+                    roomId,
+                    playerId: failedPlayer,
+                });
+            }
+
+            logger.warn("web", `Bet deduction failed for room ${roomId}: ${err}`);
+        } finally {
+            if (room) room.betsPending = false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Pay out winnings or refund bets on game end. */
+    private async settleBets(
+        roomId: string,
+        winner: string | null,
+        betAmount: number,
+    ): Promise<{ amount: number; refunded?: boolean }> {
+        const room = this.roomManager.getRoom(roomId);
+        const uniquePlayers = [...new Set(room?.players ?? [])];
+        const pot = betAmount * uniquePlayers.length;
+
+        try {
+            if (winner) {
+                // Winner takes the pot
+                await economyService.modifyUserBalance(
+                    winner,
+                    BigInt(pot),
+                    TransactionType.GAME_WIN,
+                    `Chess wager won (room ${roomId.slice(0, 8)})`,
+                );
+                return { amount: pot };
+            } else {
+                // Draw — refund all players
+                await this.refundPlayers(uniquePlayers, betAmount, roomId);
+                return { amount: betAmount, refunded: true };
+            }
+        } catch (err) {
+            logger.error("web", `Bet settlement failed for room ${roomId}: ${err}`);
+            return { amount: 0 };
+        }
+    }
+
+    private async refundPlayers(playerIds: string[], betAmount: number, roomId: string): Promise<void> {
+        for (const pid of playerIds) {
+            try {
+                await economyService.modifyUserBalance(
+                    pid,
+                    BigInt(betAmount),
+                    TransactionType.GAME_WIN,
+                    `Chess wager refund (room ${roomId.slice(0, 8)})`,
+                );
+            } catch (err) {
+                logger.error("web", `Failed to refund ${pid} for room ${roomId}: ${err}`);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     private publish(channel: string, message: unknown): void {
         this.bunServer?.publish(channel, JSON.stringify(message));
     }

api/src/games/RoomManager.ts

@@ -14,8 +14,9 @@ type ActionResult =
 
 type CreateResult = { ok: true; roomId: string } | { ok: false; error: string };
 type JoinResult =
-    | { ok: true; joinedAs: "player" | "spectator"; started: boolean }
+    | { ok: true; joinedAs: "player" | "spectator"; started: boolean; readyToStart?: boolean }
     | { ok: false; error: string };
+type FillResult = { ok: true; readyToStart?: boolean } | { ok: false; error: string };
 
 type RoomEvents = {
     "room:created": { roomId: string; gameSlug: string; hostId: string };
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ export class RoomManager {
         if (!plugin) return { ok: false, error: `Unknown game type: ${gameSlug}` };
 
         const id = crypto.randomUUID();
+        const betAmount = typeof options?.betAmount === "number" && options.betAmount > 0 ? options.betAmount : 0;
         const room: Room = {
             id,
             gameSlug,
@@ -48,6 +50,7 @@ export class RoomManager {
             status: "waiting",
             createdAt: Date.now(),
             options,
+            betAmount,
         };
 
         this.rooms.set(id, room);
@@ -86,17 +89,12 @@ export class RoomManager {
         room.players.push(playerId);
 
         if (room.players.length >= plugin.maxPlayers) {
-            room.state = plugin.createInitialState(room.players, room.options);
+            // Defer start when bets are involved — GameServer handles async deduction first
-            room.status = "playing";
+            if (room.betAmount > 0) {
-            this.scheduleCleanup(roomId, ROOM_CONFIG.PLAYING_MAX_MS);
-
-            const spectatorView = plugin.getSpectatorView(room.state);
-            const playerViews = new Map<string, unknown>();
-            for (const pid of room.players) {
-                playerViews.set(pid, plugin.getPlayerView(room.state, pid));
-            }
-            this.emitter.emit("game:started", { roomId, spectatorView, playerViews });
                 this.emitter.emit("room:list:changed");
+                return { ok: true, joinedAs: "player", started: false, readyToStart: true };
+            }
+            this.startGame(roomId);
             return { ok: true, joinedAs: "player", started: true };
         }
 
@@ -175,7 +173,7 @@ export class RoomManager {
      * (e.g. ["alice", "alice"]). Plugin authors should be aware that
      * solo-test mode produces non-unique player arrays.
      */
-    fillRoom(roomId: string, adminId: string): { ok: true } | { ok: false; error: string } {
+    fillRoom(roomId: string, adminId: string): FillResult {
         const room = this.rooms.get(roomId);
         if (!room) return { ok: false, error: "Room not found" };
         if (room.status !== "waiting") return { ok: false, error: "Game is not in waiting state" };
@@ -186,6 +184,23 @@ export class RoomManager {
             room.players.push(adminId);
         }
 
+        // Defer start when bets are involved
+        if (room.betAmount > 0) {
+            this.emitter.emit("room:list:changed");
+            return { ok: true, readyToStart: true };
+        }
+
+        this.startGame(roomId);
+        return { ok: true };
+    }
+
+    /** Initialize game state and transition room to playing. */
+    startGame(roomId: string): { ok: true } | { ok: false; error: string } {
+        const room = this.rooms.get(roomId);
+        if (!room) return { ok: false, error: "Room not found" };
+        if (room.status !== "waiting") return { ok: false, error: "Game is not in waiting state" };
+
+        const plugin = gameRegistry.get(room.gameSlug)!;
         room.state = plugin.createInitialState(room.players, room.options);
         room.status = "playing";
         this.scheduleCleanup(roomId, ROOM_CONFIG.PLAYING_MAX_MS);
@@ -200,6 +215,15 @@ export class RoomManager {
         return { ok: true };
     }
 
+    /** Remove a player from a waiting room (used when bet deduction fails). */
+    removePlayer(roomId: string, playerId: string): void {
+        const room = this.rooms.get(roomId);
+        if (!room || room.status !== "waiting") return;
+        const idx = room.players.indexOf(playerId);
+        if (idx !== -1) room.players.splice(idx, 1);
+        this.emitter.emit("room:list:changed");
+    }
+
     getRoom(roomId: string): Room | undefined {
         return this.rooms.get(roomId);
     }
@@ -218,6 +242,7 @@ export class RoomManager {
                 maxPlayers: plugin?.maxPlayers ?? 0,
                 spectatorCount: room.spectators.size,
                 status: room.status,
+                betAmount: room.betAmount,
             });
         }
         return summaries;

api/src/games/types.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,9 @@ export interface Room {
     status: "waiting" | "playing" | "finished";
     createdAt: number;
     options?: Record<string, unknown>;
+    betAmount: number;
+    /** Guard against double bet-deduction when two joins race */
+    betsPending?: boolean;
 }
 
 export interface RoomSummary {
@@ -21,6 +24,7 @@ export interface RoomSummary {
     maxPlayers: number;
     spectatorCount: number;
     status: "waiting" | "playing" | "finished";
+    betAmount: number;
 }
 
 export interface PlayerInfo {
@@ -51,8 +55,8 @@ export type GameWsServerMessage =
     | { type: "PLAYER_JOINED"; roomId: string; player: PlayerInfo; joinedAs: "player" | "spectator" }
     | { type: "PLAYER_LEFT"; roomId: string; playerId: string }
     | { type: "GAME_STARTED"; roomId: string; state: unknown }
-    | { type: "GAME_ENDED"; roomId: string; winner: string | null; reason: string }
+    | { type: "GAME_ENDED"; roomId: string; winner: string | null; reason: string; payout?: { amount: number; refunded?: boolean } }
     | { type: "ROOM_CREATED"; roomId: string; gameSlug: string }
-    | { type: "JOIN_RESULT"; roomId: string; joinedAs: "player" | "spectator"; roomStatus: "waiting" | "playing" | "finished"; players: PlayerInfo[]; spectators: PlayerInfo[]; state?: unknown }
+    | { type: "JOIN_RESULT"; roomId: string; joinedAs: "player" | "spectator"; roomStatus: "waiting" | "playing" | "finished"; players: PlayerInfo[]; spectators: PlayerInfo[]; state?: unknown; roomOptions?: { betAmount?: number } }
     | { type: "SESSION_REPLACED"; roomId: string }
     | { type: "ERROR"; message: string };

panel/src/games/GameLobby.tsx

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ interface RoomSummary {
     maxPlayers: number;
     spectatorCount: number;
     status: "waiting" | "playing" | "finished";
+    betAmount: number;
 }
 
 const CHESS_TIME_CONTROLS = [
@@ -37,6 +38,8 @@ export function GameLobby() {
     const [showCreate, setShowCreate] = useState(false);
     const [configGame, setConfigGame] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [chessTimeControl, setChessTimeControl] = useState("blitz_5_3");
+    const [soloMode, setSoloMode] = useState(false);
+    const [betAmount, setBetAmount] = useState(0);
 
     const gameTypes = gameUIRegistry.list();
 
@@ -61,6 +64,8 @@ export function GameLobby() {
     function handleGameSelect(gameSlug: string) {
         if (gameSlug === "chess") {
             setConfigGame("chess");
+            setSoloMode(false);
+            setBetAmount(0);
             return;
         }
         send({ type: "CREATE_ROOM", gameType: gameSlug });
@@ -68,9 +73,19 @@ export function GameLobby() {
     }
 
     function createChessRoom() {
-        send({ type: "CREATE_ROOM", gameType: "chess", options: { timeControl: chessTimeControl } });
+        send({
+            type: "CREATE_ROOM",
+            gameType: "chess",
+            options: {
+                timeControl: chessTimeControl,
+                ...(soloMode && { soloMode: true }),
+                ...(betAmount > 0 && !soloMode && { betAmount }),
+            },
+        });
         setShowCreate(false);
         setConfigGame(null);
+        setSoloMode(false);
+        setBetAmount(0);
     }
 
     return (
@@ -138,6 +153,11 @@ export function GameLobby() {
                                                     {room.status === "waiting" ? "Waiting" : "Playing"}
                                                 </span>
                                                 <span>{room.playerCount}/{room.maxPlayers} players</span>
+                                                {room.betAmount > 0 && (
+                                                    <span className="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-semibold bg-warning/15 text-warning">
+                                                        {room.betAmount} AU
+                                                    </span>
+                                                )}
                                                 {room.spectatorCount > 0 && <span>· 👁 {room.spectatorCount}</span>}
                                             </div>
                                         </div>
@@ -203,11 +223,49 @@ export function GameLobby() {
                                     })}
                                 </div>
 
+                                {/* Solo Mode Toggle */}
+                                <div className="mt-4 flex items-center justify-between rounded-xl bg-raised px-4 py-3">
+                                    <div>
+                                        <div className="text-sm font-medium">Solo Play</div>
+                                        <div className="text-[11px] text-text-tertiary">Play both sides yourself</div>
+                                    </div>
+                                    <button
+                                        onClick={() => { setSoloMode(s => !s); if (!soloMode) setBetAmount(0); }}
+                                        className={`relative w-10 h-6 rounded-full transition-colors ${soloMode ? "bg-primary" : "bg-surface"}`}
+                                    >
+                                        <span className={`absolute top-0.5 left-0.5 w-5 h-5 rounded-full bg-white shadow transition-transform ${soloMode ? "translate-x-4" : "translate-x-0"}`} />
+                                    </button>
+                                </div>
+
+                                {/* Bet Amount */}
+                                <div className={`mt-3 ${soloMode ? "opacity-40 pointer-events-none" : ""}`}>
+                                    <div className="text-[10px] font-label font-semibold text-text-disabled uppercase tracking-wider mb-1.5">
+                                        Wager (AU)
+                                    </div>
+                                    <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5">
+                                        {[0, 10, 25, 50, 100, 250, 500].map(amt => (
+                                            <button
+                                                key={amt}
+                                                onClick={() => setBetAmount(amt)}
+                                                className={`px-3 py-1.5 rounded-lg text-sm font-medium transition-colors ${
+                                                    betAmount === amt
+                                                        ? amt === 0
+                                                            ? "bg-raised text-foreground ring-1 ring-text-tertiary/30"
+                                                            : "bg-warning/15 text-warning ring-1 ring-warning/30"
+                                                        : "bg-raised text-text-tertiary hover:text-foreground"
+                                                }`}
+                                            >
+                                                {amt === 0 ? "Free" : `${amt}`}
+                                            </button>
+                                        ))}
+                                    </div>
+                                </div>
+
                                 <button
                                     onClick={createChessRoom}
                                     className="mt-5 w-full rounded-xl bg-primary text-on-primary px-4 py-2.5 text-sm font-label font-semibold hover:opacity-90 transition-colors"
                                 >
-                                    Create Room
+                                    {soloMode ? "Start Solo Game" : betAmount > 0 ? `Create Room · ${betAmount} AU` : "Create Room"}
                                 </button>
                             </>
                         ) : (

panel/src/games/GameRoom.tsx

@@ -42,9 +42,11 @@ export function GameRoom({ userId, role }: { userId: string; role?: string }) {
 
     const {
         gameState, players, spectators, roomStatus,
-        isSpectator, gameOver, error, sendAction, leaveRoom, sessionReplaced, rejoin, fillRoom,
+        isSpectator, gameOver, error, sendAction, leaveRoom, sessionReplaced, rejoin, fillRoom, roomOptions,
     } = useGameRoom(roomId!, userId, role, preferAs);
 
+    const betAmount = roomOptions.betAmount ?? 0;
+
     const plugin = gameSlug ? gameUIRegistry.get(gameSlug) : undefined;
 
     if (!plugin) {
@@ -100,6 +102,11 @@ export function GameRoom({ userId, role }: { userId: string; role?: string }) {
                                 {roomStatus === "waiting" ? "Waiting" : roomStatus === "playing" ? "Playing" : "Finished"}
                             </span>
                             {isSpectator && <span className="text-text-disabled">Spectating</span>}
+                            {betAmount > 0 && (
+                                <span className="inline-flex items-center px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-[10px] font-semibold bg-warning/15 text-warning">
+                                    {betAmount * 2} AU pot
+                                </span>
+                            )}
                             <span>👁 {spectators.length}</span>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -139,7 +146,14 @@ export function GameRoom({ userId, role }: { userId: string; role?: string }) {
                             ? `Winner: ${players.find(p => p.discordId === gameOver.winner)?.username ?? gameOver.winner}`
                             : "Draw!"}
                     </div>
-                    <div className="text-xs text-text-tertiary mt-1">Reason: {gameOver.reason}</div>
+                    <div className="text-xs text-text-tertiary mt-1">{gameOver.reason}</div>
+                    {gameOver.payout && (
+                        <div className="text-xs font-semibold text-warning mt-1.5">
+                            {gameOver.payout.refunded
+                                ? `Wager refunded: ${gameOver.payout.amount} AU`
+                                : `Payout: ${gameOver.payout.amount} AU`}
+                        </div>
+                    )}
                 </div>
             )}
 

panel/src/games/chess/ChessGame.tsx

@@ -315,6 +315,7 @@ export function ChessGame({ state, myPlayerId, isSpectator, onAction, players }:
     // Resolve player names
     const getPlayerName = (color: "white" | "black") => {
         if (isPlayerView(state)) {
+            if (isSoloMode) return players[0]?.username ?? color;
             const id = color === (state as PlayerView).myColor ? myPlayerId : players.find(p => p.discordId !== myPlayerId)?.discordId;
             return players.find(p => p.discordId === id)?.username ?? (color === myColor ? "You" : "Opponent");
         }

panel/src/lib/useGameRoom.ts

@@ -13,9 +13,10 @@ interface GameRoomState {
     spectators: PlayerInfo[];
     roomStatus: "connecting" | "waiting" | "playing" | "finished" | "not_found";
     isSpectator: boolean;
-    gameOver: { winner: string | null; reason: string } | null;
+    gameOver: { winner: string | null; reason: string; payout?: { amount: number; refunded?: boolean } } | null;
     error: string | null;
     sessionReplaced: boolean;
+    roomOptions: { betAmount?: number };
 }
 
 export function useGameRoom(roomId: string, userId: string, role?: string, preferAs: "player" | "spectator" = "player") {
@@ -37,6 +38,7 @@ export function useGameRoom(roomId: string, userId: string, role?: string, prefe
         gameOver: null,
         error: null,
         sessionReplaced: false,
+        roomOptions: {},
     });
 
     useEffect(() => {
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ export function useGameRoom(roomId: string, userId: string, role?: string, prefe
                         players: msg.players ?? prev.players,
                         spectators: msg.spectators ?? prev.spectators,
                         gameState: msg.state !== undefined ? msg.state : prev.gameState,
+                        roomOptions: msg.roomOptions ?? prev.roomOptions,
                     }));
                     break;
 
@@ -117,7 +120,7 @@ export function useGameRoom(roomId: string, userId: string, role?: string, prefe
                     setState(prev => ({
                         ...prev,
                         roomStatus: "finished",
-                        gameOver: { winner: msg.winner, reason: msg.reason },
+                        gameOver: { winner: msg.winner, reason: msg.reason, payout: msg.payout },
                     }));
                     break;
 

shared/lib/constants.ts

@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ export enum TransactionType {
     QUEST_REWARD = 'QUEST_REWARD',
     TRIVIA_ENTRY = 'TRIVIA_ENTRY',
     TRIVIA_WIN = 'TRIVIA_WIN',
+    GAME_BET = 'GAME_BET',
+    GAME_WIN = 'GAME_WIN',
 }
 
 export enum ItemTransactionType {